The relationship between topic and metaphor in second-language learners’ essays

Abstract In this article I investigate to what extent the use of metaphorical expressions in language learners’ texts vary according topic they have chosen write about. The data come from Norwegian learner corpus ASK, where are written assignments produced by adult second-language learners as part an official test and texts. Texts two different prompts selected, which related friendship nature. Metaphors defined conceptual metaphor theory a triangulation methods is used, alternating between manual automatic extraction method. results confirm hypothesis that given not only triggers but also influences amount used writing. This knowledge important researchers for comparing metaphors groups, such or students stages education. It designers who decide on topics be tests teachers help prepare their tests. addition, it interest researchers, educators general themselves interested effect raters’ evaluations high-stake